Fishing for a new source of proteoglycans, an important health food ingredient

Aggrecan, a major part of proteoglycan (PG) obtaining chondroitin sulfate (CS) in cartilaginous tissues, has turn into ever more well-liked as an ingredient in wellness food stuff. In actuality, proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage show biological attributes these types of as antiaging, inhibition of angiogenesis, and attenuation of inflammatory responses. Commercially readily available chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) have only been prepared from salmon nasal cartilage. Whilst the head cartilage was located in other edible bony fishes, there is little details on the composition of main proteins and their CS structures in the head cartilage.

Now, in a new research revealed in the Intercontinental Journal of Biology Macromolecules, a crew of researchers led by Associate Professor Kyohei Higashi of Tokyo College of Science, and Dr. Naoshi Dohmae and Dr. Takehiro Suzuki of the RIKEN Heart for Sustainable Useful resource Science tackles this query. “We discovered that composition of PGs and their CS structure in the cranium of the Siberian sturgeon and Russian sturgeon were being very similar to that in the salmon nasal cartilage,” reviews Dr. Higashi. The fishes for the analyze were being delivered by Mr. Atsuhi Nakamura from Miyazaki Prefectural Fisheries Investigate Institute. This study was designed obtainable on the web on March 23, 2022 and was published in Quantity 208 of the journal on May perhaps 31, 2022.

All the fishes examined contained plentiful CSPGs in the head cartilage. In depth examination of CS structure in PGs derived from 10 bony fishes disclosed that the composition of CS derived from Perciformes were similar to that of CS derived from cartilage of terrestrial animals. On the other hand, the construction of CS from skull of sturgeons was comparable to that of CS from salmon nasal cartilage. In addition, they also discovered that aggrecan, a significant CSPG in the cartilaginous tissue, was conserved in 10 bony fishes.  In point, the aggrecan protein from LOC117428125 and LOC117964296 genes registered in the Countrywide Centre for Biotechnology Info database was observed to be abundant in the cranium of sturgeons. Furthermore, compositions of other PGs, collagens, and matrix proteins in the cranium of sturgeons have been similar to that of salmon nasal cartilage.

Elaborating on the conclusions of this examine, Dr. Kyohei Higashi claims that “head cartilage from bony fishes is an underutilized useful resource and is normally discarded following food processing. The PGs, specially from the sturgeon, are very similar in CS framework to the salmon nasal cartilage, demonstrating that the sturgeon has a ton of likely to be an alternative source of CSPGs for health food items formulations.”